Understanding the 4 types of compositional or visual balance can help when crafting your own marketing campaign designs or artistic works.
Asymmetrical
If you think of the word 'asymmetrical' and it makes you feel uncomfortable and/or unbalanced, this is completely normal.
While in most cases, asymmetrical balance can be initially off-putting, there is a way to find balance with asymmetrical balance designs or asymmetrical elements used to create a larger work of art. Asymmetrical balance is about finding balance with different shapes and sizes of shapes while also keeping the entire balance of the piece of art in mind throughout the process.
Even when you are working with elements of different shapes and sizes, balancing them is possible by distinguishing visual weight in each individual object and using surrounding elements to help bring the picture together in perfect harmony.
Symmetrical
Symmetrical balance in design is in nearly all facets of our everyday lives, from stovetop designs to reading guides and tutorials. Symmetrical design often helps us to feel comfortable or in harmony, as the balance of elements in an image can simply help one to feel at ease.
Symmetrical balance in itself is defined as finding the balance of numerous objects of equal weight while also keeping the central point of the composition in mind at all times. Symmetrical balance typically aligns elements both vertically and horizontally so that all sides appear equal and reflective of one another.
Symmetrical balance designs work best when you are using elements that appear to be all the same size, shape, and weight, depending on the type of composition you are creating. Humans instinctively find symmetrical designs more appealing, in both art and in nature, so it is no surprise that we are naturally drawn to ensuring balance in the artwork we produce.
Radial
Creating radial balance is nothing new or revolutionary, but it often includes a round or circular central point on an image or a piece of art.
Radial symmetry can help to bring a piece of work together using a circular, or radial object in the center of the design or in a patterned form, depending on the purpose of the design and its message.
Radial balance helps to attract the eye to the center of a design without overwhelming the viewer. In fact, most radial designs that use circles and circular objects to attract attention can do so in a calming and welcoming manner, rather than feeling smothering or overwhelming to those who see the piece.
When you think of radial symmetry, consider the sun, moon, water whirlpools, seashells, flower petals, and even the rings of trees, which can all be useful objects for balanced radial designs.
Crystallographic
If you have ever looked at an image of a mosaic pattern or a collage of art that is chaotic and random, yet entirely balanced, this is often referred to as crystallographic balance.
With crystallographic balance, using numerous graphic elements, shapes, and items together is possible so long as the image as a whole appears balanced with proper weights and distributions.
Using multiple chaotic and/or random elements in one piece of art is possible when the elements appear to feel balanced and placed properly within the work itself.
Because the human eye is not as capable of focusing on more than one element at a time when viewing a piece of artwork, a crystallographic design helps bring all elements together in a unified sense, achieving the overall feeling of balance regardless of the number of items in the said design.